The automatic transmission is a critical component that transmits engine power to the wheels. The conventional speed shifting systems installed on most cars have extremely complex, precision structures.
Here, we present an easy-to-understand explanation of how ATs, CVTs, and hybrid systems work.
An automatic transmission (AT) is installed at a point between the engine's rotation and the point where it is transmitted to the wheels.
An AT automatically changes gear depending on the car's running condition, and transmits rotation from the engine to the wheels.
An AT provides functions that the engine alone cannot perform, such as adding power on slopes, adjusting rotation speed as required during running, decoupling power when stopped, and applying the required opposite rotation when in reverse.
ATs can be categorized into two types: those installed vertically with respect to the automobile and those installed horizontally. Although the layout of the external and internal components differs depending on the type of engine drive method, the functions basically work in the same way.
This type of engine is installed vertically on the car and has an elongated shape.
This type of engine is installed horizontally on the automobile and has a rounded shape.
ATs consist of three components: a torque converter that transmits engine rotation to a planetary gear, a planetary gear train that changes rotation speed and transmits it to the wheels, and a hydraulic device that outputs commands to the planetary gear to change speed according to the car's running condition.
Generally speaking, those are the three components of an AT.
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